VESTIBULAR

ASSESSMENTS.

Here are some common vestibular assessments conducted by audiologists:

Clinical History and Questionnaires: The audiologist begins by gathering information about the individual's symptoms, medical history, medications, and any previous experiences with dizziness or balance problems. They may also use standardized questionnaires to assess the severity and impact of the individual's symptoms on their daily life.

Physical Examination: The audiologist may perform a physical examination to assess the individual's balance, coordination, gait, and eye movements. This may involve observing the individual's posture, walking pattern, and ability to perform specific balance tasks.

Videonystagmography (VNG): VNG is a comprehensive test used to evaluate the function of the vestibular system and assess for abnormalities that may be causing dizziness or balance problems. During the test, the individual wears infrared goggles equipped with video cameras to record eye movements while performing various tasks, such as tracking moving objects, following visual cues, and performing positional changes. This helps assess the integrity of the vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR), which stabilizes gaze during head movements.

Caloric Testing: Caloric testing is a component of VNG that evaluates the function of the lateral semicircular canals of the inner ear. Warm or cool air or water is introduced into the ear canal, causing a temporary imbalance in the vestibular system and inducing nystagmus (involuntary eye movements). The audiologist observes the direction, intensity, and duration of nystagmus to assess vestibular function.

Rotary Chair Testing: Rotary chair testing assesses the function of the vestibular system in response to rotational movements. The individual sits in a motorized chair that rotates at various speeds and directions while eye movements are monitored. This test provides information about the individual's ability to detect and adapt to changes in head movement and velocity.

Video Head Impulse Test (vHIT): vHIT is a newer test that evaluates the function of the VOR by assessing the vestibulo-ocular reflex during rapid head movements. The individual wears lightweight goggles equipped with video cameras, and the audiologist delivers brief, rapid head impulses while recording eye movements. This helps assess the vestibular system's ability to stabilize gaze during rapid head movements.

Vestibular assessments conducted by audiologists are crucial for diagnosing vestibular disorders and developing appropriate treatment plans, which may include vestibular rehabilitation exercises, medications, lifestyle modifications, or referral to other healthcare specialists for further evaluation or management. By identifying the underlying cause of dizziness or balance problems, audiologists can help improve the individual's quality of life and reduce the risk of falls and other complications associated with vestibular disorders.